Організаційні засади дуальної освіти в країнах Європейського Союзу

TL;DRAbstract

The article outlines the organizational foundations of dual education in European Union countries, focusing on the integration of learning and practical work experience within national vocational education and training systems. It examines different models of combining theoretical instruction with work-based learning, commonly referred to as alternating or dual systems. These models include comprehensive apprenticeship systems, programs in which internships are combined with other forms of vocational education, vocational schools with a significant proportion of workplace training, and predominantly school-based VET programs. Special attention is paid to the structural features of the educational process and the roles of the state, social partners, and employers in ensuring the quality of vocational training. The article analyzes how legislative frameworks, national curriculum standards, and professional qualification regulations contribute to the effectiveness and reliability of dual

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