ASKA and constrained multi-strain-field problems

TL;DRAbstract

The element libraries of most general purpose programme13; packages are derived from the conventional wisdom that informed the finite element method in the sixties and seventies. While such procedures met with very large success in many applications. there still emained large grey areas of uncertainty. In these.elements which were in many respects excellent could fail dramatically in many practical situations. These were problems. which were described as 'parasitic shear shear locking', the very poor performance of curved beams and shells which was often attributed to lack of strain free rigid body motion locking at incompressible or nearly incompressible limits etc. There were often 'ad-hoc modifications or 'tricks' which were tried and reported in the research literature from time to time and some of which acquired enough respectability to be accepted methods in general purpose codes. To name a few, these were such as reduced integration. selective integration, addition of incompatib

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