Defect modes in electromagnetic bandgap structures for micro- and millimetre waves

TL;DRAbstract

In the previous decades, the investigation of the optical properties of materials has lead to a number of important developments like the laser, optical fibre cables and high precision spectrometers. In 1987, Yablonovich and John suggested a possibility to tailor the optical properties of a periodic dielectric material so that the flow of electromagnetic waves could be controlled by the creation of a band structure for allowed and forbidden states, the so called "electromagnetic bandgap". It was found out that such structures could exhibit improved properties that could not be achieved with conventional treatment of light waves, for example higher quality factors, low radiation losses in sharp bends in waveguides, low dispersion waveguiding and frequency selective substrates. Another feature of these so-called "electromagnetic bandgap" (EBG) materials was that their properties could be scaled to an arbitrary frequency range by rescaling the lattice constant of the dielectric lattice. T

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