Glycopeptidolipids: a Complex Pathway for Small Pleiotropic Molecules

TL;DRAbstract

This chapter describes the major advances in the understanding of the biology and biosynthesis of glycopeptidolipids (GPLs). Strains from the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex contain surface species-specific lipids, allowing their precise identification. In M. fortuitum bv. Peregrinum, two major GPLs were characterized by a combination of chemical analyses. The M. avium-M. intracellulare-M. scrofulaceum complex (MAC) is among the most common nontuberculous mycobacteria recovered from clinical specimens and is also a prevalent pathogen in AIDS patients. An immunogenic GPL, named GPL X-I, was isolated from M. xenopi, a nontuberculous mycobacterium responsible for pulmonary and disseminated infectious diseases mainly occurring in immunocompromised patients. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis is closely related to M. avium subsp. avium and is responsible for cattle infections. The isolation of GPL-nonproducing mutants after a transposon mutagenesis of M. smegmatis was greatly facilitated than

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