Fundamental Bounds on Radio Localization Precision in the Far Field

TL;DRAbstract

This paper experimentally and theoretically investigates the fundamental bounds on radio localization precision of far-field Received Signal Strength (RSS) measurements. RSS measurements are proportional to power-flow measurements time-averaged over periods long compared to the coherence time of the radiation. Our experiments are performed in a novel localization setup using 2.4GHz quasi-monochromatic radiation, which corresponds to a mean wavelength of 12.5cm. We experimentally and theoretically show that RSS measurements are cross-correlated over a minimum distance that approaches the diffraction limit, which equals half the mean wavelength of the radiation. Our experiments show that measuring RSS beyond a sampling density of one sample per half the mean wavelength does not increase localization precision, as the Root-Mean-Squared-Error (RMSE) converges asymptotically to roughly half the mean wavelength. This adds to the evidence that the diffraction limit determines (1) the lower bo

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