Mangrove forest responses to environmental change in Indonesia

TL;DRAbstract

Mangroves, the woody halophytes that grow along tropical and subtropical coasts, are key ecosystems that provide important ecosystem services including nursery grounds for fisheries species, habitat for fauna, provision of coastal protection and carbon storage. The distribution and development of mangrove forests reflect their physiological responses to variation in both their biophysical environment and to geomorphological conditions on the coasts. Mangrove forests are under high levels of pressure from human activities in the coastal zone, particularly due to aquaculture, due to changes in sediment delivery to coasts and also due to sea level rise and other factors associated with climate change. Mangrove responses to variation in sediment supply and sea level change as well as to human use of the coastal zone will determine the fate of forests and their capacity to provide ecosystem services. This thesis explores the response of mangroves to human interventions on the coast of Indon

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