Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
TL;DRAbstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a unique subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with specific genetic and clinical features, which include the frequent association at diagnosis of a life-threatening hemorrhagic diathesis, the presence in leukemic blasts of a specific chromosome translocation that has never been detected outside the APL context, and a striking response in vitro and in vivo to retinoids such as all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) (1–5). In light of the associated risk of massive bleeding (approx 10% of early hemorrhagic death are still reported even in patients receiving state-of-the-art modern treatments) (6–14), APL should be considered a medical emergency. Together, the above characteristics contribute to classifying this disease as a unique leukemic subset requiring immediate recognition by means of genetic diagnosis and early onset of tailored treatment.
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Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a unique subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with specific genetic and clinical features, which include the frequent association at diagnosis of a life-threatening hemorrhagic diathesis, the presence in leukemic blasts of a specific chromosome translocation that has never been detected outside the APL context, and a striking response in vitro and in vivo to retinoids such as all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) (1–5). In light of the associated risk of massive bleeding (approx 10% of early hemorrhagic death are still reported even in patients receiving state-of-the-art modern treatments) (6–14), APL should be considered a medical emergency. Together, the above characteristics contribute to classifying this disease as a unique leukemic subset requiring immediate recognition by means of genetic diagnosis and early onset of tailored treatment.
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