Exploitation of wireless sensor data in virtual reality for the provision of comprehensive support to tunnel safety training and emergency management

TL;DRAbstract

Twenty years of tunnel incidents have produced more than 700 victims worldwide. In Europe alone, there have been more than 60 road accidents in tunnels. Major tunnels are not immune: Mont Blanc (March 1999), Tauern (May 1999), and Saint Gotthard (October 2001), produced 62 deaths and multiple injuries. Despite structural and safety systems improvements, a number of factors must be addressed to ensure maximum safety. Factors include preparedness, timely support to the decision-making process, and planning optimal interventions in emergency management situations. This paper discusses the integration of wireless sensor networks (WSN) and virtual reality (VR) for through-life support to tunnel safety and emergency operations management. A WSN system designed for roadside applications is employed for environmental and traffic monitoring, event detection, and indoor localization. Data from the WSN is passed to a VR application. The VR application provides a 1:1 scale 3D model of the locale;

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