GRB 131014A: A LABORATORY FOR STUDYING THE THERMAL-LIKE AND NON-THERMAL EMISSIONS IN GAMMA-RAY BURSTS, AND THE NEW ${L}_{{\rm{i}}}^{\mathrm{nTh}}-{E}_{\mathrm{peak},{\rm{i}}}^{\mathrm{nTh},\mathrm{rest}}$ RELATION

TL;DRAbstract

Evidence has been accumulated on the existence of a thermal-like component during the prompt phase of GRBs. This component, often associated with the GRB jet's photosphere, is usually subdominant compared to a much stronger non-thermal one. The prompt emission of Fermi GRB 131014A provides a unique opportunity to study this thermal-like component. Indeed, the thermal emission in GRB 131014A is much more intense than in other GRBs and a pure thermal episode is observed during the initial 0.16 s. The thermal-like component cools monotonically during the first second while the non-thermal emission kicks off. The intensity of the non-thermal component progressively increases until being energetically dominant at late time. This is a perfect scenario to disentangle the thermal component from the non-thermal one. A low-energy spectral index of +0.6 better fit the thermal component than the typical index value +1 corresponding to a pure Planck function. The non-thermal component is adequately

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