Plastic Shopping Bags: Environmental Impacts and   Policy Options

TL;DRAbstract

<p><b>Due to public concern over the environmental impacts of plastic shopping bags many countries, states, towns and councils are implementing measures to address their use.While a number of individual retailers in New Zealand have taken steps to reduce plastic bag consumption, there has been limited national or regional government action to address plastic shopping bag use. While other countries have favoured economic instruments, such as Ireland's "PlasTax", under a cost benefit analysis research has identified that all policy interventions are cost inefficient.1This thesis uses a mixed comparative approach to investigate the environmental impacts of plastic shopping bags and consumption patterns, in relation to international practice, alternatives to plastic shopping bag, and policy options.</b></p> <p>The mixed comparative approach used in this research is a combination of the philosophies underlying cost benefit analysis, sustainable development, tri

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