Characterizations of Lead Free BNT-BT-KNN Ceramics Synthesized by Microwave Technique

TL;DRAbstract

Ferroelectrics have experienced a great deal of interest for more than half a century. Initially, ferroelectric ceramics were used as capacitor materials due to their high dielectric constants. With the preface of lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT), applications spread to transducers, actuators and many others. But because of the toxic nature of lead and serious environmental concerns there is an urgent need to develop lead free ferroelectrics to replace the currently leading lead based PZT. However, recognized lead-free ferroelectrics are not yet good enough to replace lead based materials. A considerable research attempt into lead-free alternatives to PZT began a few years ago. The purpose of this project was to develop leadfree ferroelectrics, which may ultimately replace PZT. The concept of combining three ferroelectric materials, which is before now morphotropic phase boundary compositions, in order to additional increase the ferroelectric properties was studied in detail. The three ba

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