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Book Chapter10.1007/978-1-61779-615-9_19

Current and Future Developments in Cancer Therapy Research: miRNAs as New Promising Targets or Tools

Marilena V. Iorio,Patrizia Casalini,Claudia Piovan,Luca Braccioli,Elda Tagliabue-2012-01-01-Humana Press eBooks
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TL;DRAbstract

Recently, a new class of small (19–25 nucleotides) noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRs or miRNAs), has been linked to several human diseases, including cancer. MicroRNAs are involved in temporal and tissue-specific eukaryotic gene regulation, either by translational inhibition or exonucleolytic mRNA decay, targeting through imperfect complementarity, the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of the mRNA. Since their ability to potentially target any human mRNA, it is likely that microRNAs are involved in almost every biological process, including cell cycle regulation, cell growth, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and stress response.The involvement of microRNAs in the biology of human cancer is supported by an increasing body of experimental evidence, which has gradually switched from profiling studies, describing an aberrant microRNA expression in different tumor types, to biological demonstrations of the causal role of these small molecules in the tumorigenic process, and the possible implica

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Recently, a new class of small (19–25 nucleotides) noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRs or miRNAs), has been linked to several human diseases, including cancer. MicroRNAs are involved in temporal and tissue-specific eukaryotic gene regulation, either by translational inhibition or exonucleolytic mRNA decay, targeting through imperfect complementarity, the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of the mRNA. Since their ability to potentially target any human mRNA, it is likely that microRNAs are involved in almost every biological process, including cell cycle regulation, cell growth, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and stress response.The involvement of microRNAs in the biology of human cancer is supported by an increasing body of experimental evidence, which has gradually switched from profiling studies, describing an aberrant microRNA expression in different tumor types, to biological demonstrations of the causal role of these small molecules in the tumorigenic process, and the possible implica

Keywords

Cancer therapymicroRNAComputational biologyCancerMedicineBiologyInternal medicineGenetics

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