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Open AccessReport10.2172/5862901

Hydrogen recycling in tandem mirror machines

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TL;DRAbstract

This paper describes hydrogen recycling in tandem mirror machines. In TMX, hydrogen (or deuterium) is introduced by the neutral beam injection system and by the solenoid gas feed system. Pumping is achieved by titanium gettering on liquid nitrogen panels. Mirror machine recycling differs from that in a tokamak. In mirrors, plasma losses are mainly to the large volume at the ends of the machine, remote from the hot plasma region. Similar techniques have been employed on 2XIIB. The design of the TMX vacuum system was described by Atkinson. MFTF also employs an integral beam line vacuum system. However, since in MFTF the pulse length is 0.5 sec, helium cryopanels are used to extend the pumping duration. Also special neutral beam and beam-ion dumps are employed.

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This paper describes hydrogen recycling in tandem mirror machines. In TMX, hydrogen (or deuterium) is introduced by the neutral beam injection system and by the solenoid gas feed system. Pumping is achieved by titanium gettering on liquid nitrogen panels. Mirror machine recycling differs from that in a tokamak. In mirrors, plasma losses are mainly to the large volume at the ends of the machine, remote from the hot plasma region. Similar techniques have been employed on 2XIIB. The design of the TMX vacuum system was described by Atkinson. MFTF also employs an integral beam line vacuum system. However, since in MFTF the pulse length is 0.5 sec, helium cryopanels are used to extend the pumping duration. Also special neutral beam and beam-ion dumps are employed.

Keywords

TokamakDeuteriumGetterHydrogenBeam (structure)CryopumpTandemIon source

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