Development of a hanging drop air exposure system for the measurement of BTEX toxicity in vitro

TL;DRAbstract

Due to a gaining momentum of in vitro toxicological and pharmacological research, various efforts have been devoted to air exposure studies for volatile organic compounds. However, reports to date have shown inconsistent dose responses between different exposure methods. This PhD project was aimed to develop an in vitro air exposure tool to measure the toxicity of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) as individuals and as mixtures. Six different exposure methods were explored, leading to the development of a hanging drop air exposure system using 20 mL cell culture drops in 20 or 40 mL in sealed volatile organic analysis vials to create an air-exposure chamber. BTEX as air toxics were injected to the head space of the vials. Biological end points were accessed for cell viability via MTS or cell TitreGLOr assay, for DNA damage via Comet assay, and for interleukin expression via AlphaLISAr. Results derived from this project are included in three consecutive papers. Paper 1,

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