The effects of posture and sleep on pharmacokinetics

TL;DRAbstract

The effects of posture and sleep on the pharmaco-kinetics of five drugs (benzylpenicillin, gentamicin, sulphamethoxazole, trimethoprim and paracetamol) especially chosen for their disposition characteristics, were studied. To assess these effects, the drugs were administered, on separate occasions, to healthy young adults during ambulation, daytime bedrest and, with the exception of benzyl-penicillin, sleep. In addition, benzylpenicillin pharmacokinetics were determined following both intra-venous and intramuscular administration to the same subjects. New or improved high-performance liquid chromatography assays were developed for the determination of these drugs in biological fluids. Pharmacokinetic analysis of the drug concentration-time data was performed using traditional compartmental methods as well as a non-compartmental method using statistical moment theory. Generally, the results showed that posture had the greatest influence on the disposition of drugs with low renal extract

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