Environmentally benign catalysis: I. Photocatalytic degradation of air contaminants. II. Thermocatalytic decomposition of nerve gas simulants

TL;DRAbstract

Nanoscale SnO2 with a particle size of 5 nm was first synthesized for photocatalytic degradation of 1butene. Compared to standard P-25 TiO 2, nanoscale SnO2 exhibited a much high photoactivity, but this material could not tolerate high humidity due to the preferred adsorption of water on the active sites, surface hydroxyl groups. On the basis of initial work, nanoscale TiO2 photocatalysts prepared with a sol-gel method were developed to show excellent photoefficiency and water tolerance. Water was found to play a double role: maintaining the constant oxidation rates at low levels and inhibiting the adsorption of reactants at high levels. Using toluene as a substrate caused severe deactivation of catalysts due to the irreversible adsorption of partially oxidized intermediates, such as benzaldehyde and benzoic acid. Complete recovery of catalytic activity occurred only when the regeneration temperature was above 420°C. Loading platinum on TiO 2 lowered the regeneration temperature consid

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