Effect of a Third-Party Observer on Perceived Exertion and Work Output

TL;DRAbstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the motivational impact of a third party observer on maximal physical performance. In this case, the relationship of the observer (with varying levels of authority) to the subject was the principle component. This study received approval from the Hanover College Institutional Review Board with regard to the use of human subjects. Methods: Ten male Division III collegiate football players ranging from freshmen to juniors served as subjects. Each completed four randomized trials following a familiarization trial. Trials included a control (no external observation), observation by the head coach, or observation by a faculty member, or observation by a peer (in order of authority exerted over the subject). For each test, heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion (Borg scale) were measured during fifteen minutes (3 progressive loads, 5-minutes each) of submaximal exercise on a Monark cycle ergometer. Loads were set at 2.25%, 3%, and 3.5% resista

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