Zidovudine resistance, syncytium-inducing phenotype, and HIV disease progression in a case-control study. The VA Cooperative Study Group.

TL;DRAbstract

A case-control study of patients with progressive (cases) or nonprogressive (controls) disease was designed to determine the association among disease progression, zidovudine sensitivity, and syncytium-inducing phenotype. Viral isolates were screened for sensitivity to zidovudine using a peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based assay and for syncytium-inducing (SI) phenotype in MT2 cell culture. Thirty-four patients, whose disease progressed to AIDS or whose CD4 cell numbers fell < 200 cells/mm3, were matched with 34 patients whose conditions had not progressed or whose CD4 cell numbers remained > 200 cells/mm3. Virus was successfully cultured from both the progressor and the nonprogressor in 17 of these 34 matched case-control pairs. In six of the 17 pairs, virus isolated from the progressor had an IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) for zidovudine > 1 microM and at least threefold greater than the IC50 of virus isolated from the matched nonprogressor (p = 0.04). In 16 of these 17 pair

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