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Abstract : In-house laboratory independent research investigations of molecular clustering in water vapor included careful measurements of the electrical and infrared radiometric properties of steam and steam-humidified air. These measurements showed that 10 to the 6th power to 10 to the 7th power ions per cubic centimeter are present in steam or in steam-generated water vapor compared to 100 to 300 ions per cubic centimeter in water vapor under normal ambient conditions. These data, combined with infrared spectral observations of steam, are giving new insights into the understanding of the vapor-liquid phase transition in water. The results are important in meteorology, weather and climatology, and they have military implications.
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Abstract : In-house laboratory independent research investigations of molecular clustering in water vapor included careful measurements of the electrical and infrared radiometric properties of steam and steam-humidified air. These measurements showed that 10 to the 6th power to 10 to the 7th power ions per cubic centimeter are present in steam or in steam-generated water vapor compared to 100 to 300 ions per cubic centimeter in water vapor under normal ambient conditions. These data, combined with infrared spectral observations of steam, are giving new insights into the understanding of the vapor-liquid phase transition in water. The results are important in meteorology, weather and climatology, and they have military implications.
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