Surface water treatment: current issues

TL;DRAbstract

Waterworks in Sweden that apply conventional surface water treatment are facing several challenges, including changes in raw water quality and demands for improved particle removal. Studies were conducted to evaluate conventional treatment and alternative process combinations with ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and biological\npre-filtration. In pilot-scale experiments, the removal of natural organic matter (NOM), particles, taste and odour compounds, were studied; so were the biofilm formation potential and the microbial barrier function. In this publication, we attempt to briefly summarise the results, relate them to current knowledge, and discuss possible implications for surface water treatment in Sweden.\nConventional treatment was a mediocre barrier for biological particles in bacterial and protozoan size, and did not sufficiently remove dissolved taste and odour compounds. Ultrafiltration may replace or complement rapid media filters and was a powerful and robust barrier for s

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