Sudden oak death: recent developments on trees in Europe

TL;DRAbstract

In November 2000 a new Phytophthora originally found on rhododendron stock in Germany and the Netherlands in 1993 and the new Phytophthora believed to be the cause of sudden oak death in California were shown to be the same organism. This development led to a summary Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) for Europe being prepared by Forest Research (FR), United Kingdom. Subsequently, in 2002, the new fungus was formally named P. ramorum. The fact that P. ramorum was known to be present in Germany and the Netherlands led to surveys for the pathogen in nursery material, initially in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands in 2002 and later in many European countries. By 2003 it was clear that P. ramorum was still spreading on ornamental nursery stock in Europe, in particular on rhododendrons and viburnums. It is now known to be present on nursery stock in at least 12 European countries. Currently there are two countries in Europe where, outside nurseries, the spread of P. ramorum from infected rhodode

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