Measurement of upwelling flow from Upper Bear Creek reservoir air diffusers

TL;DRAbstract

Field tests were performed to determine the upwelling flow from the air diffusers located in Upper Bear Creek reservoir. The diffusers were installed in an effort to maintain aerobic conditions throughout the water column, so that the reservoir and hence low level summer releases would not contain high concentrations of dissolved iron, manganese, and sulfide. Three tests were conducted using one diffuser, at the normal air flow rate of 0.012 m/sup 3//sec (25 scfm), at an increased air flow rate of 0.024 m/sup 3//sec (50 scfm) and at reduced air flow rate of 0.006 m/sup 3//sec (12.5 scfm). The upwelling from the air diffuser was dyed with Rhodamine WT and concentrations in the flow away current were measured to estimate the total upwelling flow. Velocity measurements obtained in the flow away current provided a second estimate of the upwelling flow. These field estimates at the Upper Bear Creek diffuser were compared with equations found in the literature. The measured Upper Bear Creek

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