Causal Genomic and Epigenomic Network Analysis emerges as a New Generation of Genetic Studies of Complex Diseases

TL;DRAbstract

In the past decade, rapid advances in genomic technologies have dramatically changed the genetic studies of complex diseases. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been widely used in dissecting genetic structure of complex diseases. As of December 18th, 2014, A Catalog of Published Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) had reported significant association of 15,177 SNPs with more than 700 traits in 2,087 publications [1]. However, numerous studies reported that the genetic loci identified by GWAS collectively explain only < 10% of genetic variation across the population in most complex diseases. About 90% of the heritability of common diseases are unexplained by a large number of identified GWA loci. Each variant usually has weak effect and make small and mild contributions to the disease. More than 1,000 loci for many complex diseases have been identified [2]. Although extremely large number of samples are collected and whole genome sequencing studies will be conducted very so

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