Insulin signal transduction in skeletal muscle : special consideration for insulin resistance and diabetes

TL;DRAbstract

<p>This dissertation work is focused on the insulin-signal-transduction pathways to glucose transport in skeletal muscle from animal models of NIDDM. The overall objective is to determine the effectiveness of different pharmacological treatments to improve insulin action in skeletal muscle. Muscle fiber type-specific differences in insulin signal transduction was first considered. We noted increased insulin action on insulin signaling events including; IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, PI 3-kinase, and AKT occur in oxidative soleus muscle versus glycolytic EPI and EDL muscles. The time course for insulin signal transduction was similar between oxidative and glycolytic muscles. We assessed the molecular mechanism underlining insulin resistance in skeletal muscle from diabetic the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a non-obese model of NIDDM. Impaired insulin signaling and glucose transport occurred in a muscle fiber type specific manner in GK rats. For glucose transport, defects in maximal insulin stimulat

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